Plants recognize microbe-associated molecular patterns(MAMPs)to activate immune responses and defense priming to defend against pathogen infections.Transcriptional regulation of gene expression is crucial for plant immunity and is mediated by multiple factors,including DNA methylation.However,it remains unknown whether and how DNA demethylation contributes to immune responses in MAMP-triggered immunity.Here,we report that active DNA demethylation is required for MAMP-triggered im-munity to bacterial pathogens.The rdd-2 triple mutant carrying mutations in ROS1,DML2,and DML3 that encode DNA glycosylases,which are key DNA demethylation enzymes,exhibits compromised immune responses triggered by the MAMPs flg22 and elf18.Genome-wide methylome analysis reveals that flg22 induces rapid and specific DNA demethylation in an RDD-dependent manner.The expression levels of salicylic acid signaling-related and phytoalexin biosynthesis-related genes are tightly associated with the flg22-induced promoter demethylation.The compromised accumulation of priming compounds and anti-microbial metabolites ultimately leads to a defense priming defect in the rdd-2 mutant.Our results reveal the critical role of active DNA demethylation in the MAMP-triggered immune response and provide unique insight into the molecular mechanism of flg22-modulated DNA demethylation.

State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;The Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province,College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China;Hubei Hongshan Laboratory,Wuhan,Hubei 430070,China

[1]Mengling Huang;Ying Zhang;Ying Wang;Jiatao Xie;Jiasen Cheng;Yanping Fu;Daohong Jiang;Xiao Yu;Bo Li-.Active DNA demethylation regulates MAMP-triggered immune priming in Arabidopsis)[J].遗传学报,2022(08):796-809

MAMP,rdd,DML2,DML3,glycosylases,elf18

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