Numerous studies using a combination of confocal microscopic-and pharmacological-based approaches have demonstrated that the actin cytoskeleton dynamically responds to pathogen infection. Here, we observed that phalloidin treatment induced actin nucleation, resulting in enhanced resistance of wheat against the stripe rust pathogen Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). To define the mechanism underpin-ning this process, we characterized a family of conserved actin-binding proteins, the actin related protein (ARP) family, which controls actin polymerization. Specifically, we identified and characterized a wheat ARPC gene (TaARPC5), which encodes a 136-amino acid protein containing a P16-Arc domain, the small-est subunit of the ARP2/3 complex. TaARPC5 mRNA accumulation was induced following the infection of plants with the avirulent Pst strain, and following the elicitation with flagellin (e.g., flg22) as well. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that TaARPC5 is primarily localized to the cortical actin cytoskeleton, and its precise cellular localizations suggest the proximity to processes correlated with the actin-organelle interface. Upon treatment with virulent Pst, TaARPC5-knockdown plants exhibited a significant reduction in the expression of PTI-specific mRNAs. Conversely, we observed enhanced induc-tion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and a decrease in TaCAT1 expression following infec-tion with an incompatible Pst isolate. Together with yeast complementation assays, the current study demonstrates a role for TaARPC5 in resistance signaling in wheat against Pst infection by regulating the host actin cytoskeleton.

Jia Guo;Huan Peng;Tuo Qi;Sanding Xu;Md Ashraful Islam;Brad Day;Qing Ma;Zhensheng Kang;Jun Guo

State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and College of Plant Protection,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi,China;Department of Plant,Soil and Microbial Sciences,Michigan State University,East Lansing,MI 48824,USA

作物学报（英文版）

[1]Jia Guo;Huan Peng;Tuo Qi;Sanding Xu;Md Ashraful Islam;Brad Day;Qing Ma;Zhensheng Kang;Jun Guo-.TaARPC5 is required for wheat defense signaling in response to infection by the stripe rust fungus)[J].作物学报（英文版）,2022(01):88-97

TaARPC5,ARP2,avirulent,flagellin,TaCAT1

required,wheat,defense,signaling,response,infection,by,stripe,rust,fungus,Numerous,studies,using,combination,confocal,microscopic,pharmacological,approaches,have,demonstrated,that,actin,cytoskeleton,dynamically,responds,pathogen,Here,observed,phalloidin,treatment,induced,nucleation,resulting,enhanced,resistance,against,Puccinia,striiformis,tritici,Pst,define,mechanism,underpin,this,characterized,family,conserved,binding,proteins,which,controls,polymerization,Specifically,identified,gene,encodes,amino,acid,containing,P16,Arc,domain,small,subunit,complex,accumulation,was,following,plants,strain,elicitation,flg22,well,Subcellular,analysis,revealed,primarily,localized,cortical,its,precise,localizations,suggest,proximity,processes,correlated,organelle,interface,Upon,knockdown,exhibited,significant,reduction,expression,PTI,specific,mRNAs,Conversely,reactive,oxygen,species,ROS,decrease,incompatible,isolate,Together,yeast,complementation,assays,current,study,demonstrates,role,regulating,host

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