Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) is a newly identified member of the coronavirus family that has caused the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This rapidly evolving and unrelenting SARS-CoV-2 has disrupted the lives and livelihoods of millions worldwide. As of 23 August 2021, a total of 211,373,303 COVID-19 cases have been confirmed globally with a death toll of 4,424,341. A strong understanding of the infection pathway of SARS-CoV-2, and how our immune system responds to the virus is highly pertinent for guiding the development and improvement of effective treatments. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of neutralising antibodies (NAbs) and their implications in clinical practice. The aspects include the pathophysiology of the immune response, particularly humoral adaptive immunity and the roles of NAbs from B cells in infection clearance. We summarise the onset and persistence of IgA, IgM and IgG antibodies, and we explore their roles in neutralising SARS-CoV-2, their persistence in convalescent individuals, and in reinfection. Furthermore, we also review the applications of neutralising antibodies in the clinical setting—from predictors of disease severity to serological testing to vaccinations, and finally in therapeutics such as convalescent plasma infusion.

Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore,Singapore 119228, Singapore;Department of Microbiology and Immunology, National University of Singapore, Science Drive 2,Singapore 117545, Singapore;Infectious Diseases Translational Research Program, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228, Singapore;Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore

[1]Natalie Yan?Lin Pang;Alexander Shao?Rong Pang;Vincent T.Chow;De?Yun Wang-.Understanding neutralising antibodies against SARS?CoV?2 and their implications in clinical practice)[J].军事医学研究（英文）,2022(02):215-230

neutralising,unrelenting

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