Metal-based core-shell nanostructures have garnered enduring interest due to their unique properties and functionalities.However,their growth and transformation mechanisms in liquid media remain largely unknown because they lack direct observation of the dynamic growth process with high spatial and temporal resolution.Developing the in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy(TEM)technique offers unprecedented real-time imaging and spectroscopy capabilities to directly track the evolution of structural and chemical transformation of metal-based core-shell nanostructures in liquid media under their working condition.Here,this review highlights recent progress in utilizing in situ liquid cell TEM characterization technique in investigating the dynamic evolution of material structure and morphology of metal-based core-shell nanostructures at the nano/atomic scale in real-time.A brief introduction of the development of liquid cells for in situ TEM is first given.Subsequently,recent advances in in situ liquid cell TEM for the fundamental study of growth mechanisms of metal based core-shell nanostructures are discussed.Finally,the challenge and future developments of metal-based core-shell nanostructures for in situ liquid cell TEM are proposed.Our review is anticipated to inspire ongoing interest in revealing unseen growth dynamics of core-shell nanostructures by in situ liquid cell TEM technique.

Instrumental Analysis Center,Laboratory and Equipment Management Department,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;Department of Materials Science and Engineering,College of Materials,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,Fujian,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Huaqiao University.Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;Chemical Engineering,UC San Diego,La Jolla,CA 92093,United States;College of Chemical Engineering,Huaqiao University,Xiamen 361021,Fujian,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan,China

[1]Junyu Zhang;Bensheng Xiao;Junhui Zhao;Miao Li;Haichen Lin;Zewen Kang;Xianwen Wu;Haodong Liu;Dong-Liang Peng;Qiaobao Zhang-.Understanding the growth mechanisms of metal-based core-shell nanostructures revealed by in situ liquid cell transmission electron microscopy)[J].能源化学,2022(08):370-383

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