Black carbon(BC)is considered the second largest anthropogenic climate forcer,but the radiative effects of BC are highly correlated with its combustion sources.On-road vehicles are an important source of anthropogenic BC.However,there are major uncertainties in the estimates of the BC emissions from on-road light-duty passenger vehicles(LDPVs),and results obtained with the portable emissions mea-surement system(PEMS)method are particularly lacking.We developed a PEMS platform and evaluated the on-road BC emissions from ten in-use LDPVs.We demonstrated that the BC emission factors(EFs)of gasoline direction injection(GDI)engine vehicles range from 1.10 to 1.56 mg.km-1,which are higher than the EFs of port fuel injection(PFI)engine vehicles(0.10-0.17 mg-km-1)by a factor of 11.The BC emissions during the cold-start phase contributed 2％-33％to the total emissions.A strong correlation(R2=0.70)was observed between the relative BC EFs and average vehicle speed,indicating that traffic congestion alleviation could effectively mitigate BC emissions.Moreover,BC and particle number(PN)emissions were linearly correlated(R2=0.90),and compared to PFI engine vehicles,the instantaneous PN-to-BC emission rates of GDI engine vehicles were less sensitive to vehicle specific power-to-velocity(VSPV)increase in all speed ranges.

Xuan Zheng;Liqiang He;Xiaoyi He;Shaojun Zhang;Yihuan Cao;Jiming Hao;Ye Wu

College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering,Shenzhen University,Shenzhen 518060,China;School of Environment,State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;Center for Sustainable Systems,School for Environment and Sustainability,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI 48109-1041,USA;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Air Pollution Complex,Beijing 100084,China

工程（英文）

[1]Xuan Zheng;Liqiang He;Xiaoyi He;Shaojun Zhang;Yihuan Cao;Jiming Hao;Ye Wu-.Real-Time Black Carbon Emissions from Light-Duty Passenger Vehicles Using a Portable Emissions Measurement System)[J].工程（英文）,2022(09):73-81

forcer,LDPVs,VSPV

Real,Time,Black,Carbon,Emissions,from,Light,Duty,Passenger,Vehicles,Using,Portable,Measurement,System,carbon,BC,considered,second,largest,anthropogenic,climate,radiative,effects,highly,correlated,its,combustion,sources,On,road,vehicles,important,However,there,major,uncertainties,estimates,emissions,light,duty,passenger,results,obtained,portable,mea,system,PEMS,method,particularly,lacking,We,developed,platform,evaluated,ten,use,demonstrated,that,factors,EFs,gasoline,direction,injection,GDI,engine,which,higher,than,fuel,PFI,by,during,cold,start,phase,contributed,total,strong,correlation,was,observed,between,relative,average,speed,indicating,traffic,congestion,alleviation,could,effectively,mitigate,Moreover,particle,number,PN,were,linearly,compared,instantaneous,rates,less,sensitive,specific,power,velocity,increase,ranges

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