Transfer RNA (tRNA)-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a recently established family of regulatory small non-coding RNAs that modulate diverse biological processes. Growing evidence indicates that tsRNAs are involved in neurological disorders and play a role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease. However, whether tsRNAs are involved in traumatic brain injury-induced secondary injury remains poorly understood. In this study, a mouse controlled cortical impact model of traumatic brain injury was established, and integrated tsRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) transcriptome sequencing were used. The results revealed that 103 tsRNAs were differentially expressed in the mouse model of traumatic brain injury at 72 hours, of which 56 tsRNAs were upregulated and 47 tsRNAs were downregulated. Based on microRNA-like seed matching and Pearson correlation analysis, 57 differentially expressed tsRNA-mRNA interaction pairs were identified, including 29 tsRNAs and 26 mRNAs. Moreover, Gene Ontology annotation of target genes revealed that the significantly enriched terms were primarily associated with inflammation and synaptic function. Collectively, our findings suggest that tsRNAs may be associated with traumatic brain injury-induced secondary brain injury, and are thus a potential therapeutic target for traumatic brain injury. The study was approved by the Beijing Neurosurgical Institute Animal Care and Use Committee (approval No. 20190411) on April 11, 2019.

Xiao-Jian Xu

Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury,Beijing Neurosurgical Institute,Capital Medical University,Beijing,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Central Nervous System Injury and Department of Neurosurgery,Beijing Neurosurgical Institute and Beijing Tiantan Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing,China;Nerve Injury and Repair Center of Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders,Beijing,China;China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases,Beijing,China

中国神经再生研究（英文版）

[1]Xiao-Jian Xu-.Genome-wide interrogation of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury)[J].中国神经再生研究（英文版）,2022(02):386-394

Neurosurgical

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