Brassica crops,which are of worldwide importance,provide various oil,vegetable and ornamental prod-ucts,as well as feedstocks for animal husbandry and biofuel industry.Cinnamoyl-CoA reductase(CCR)is the entry point to the lignin pathway and a crucial locus in manipulation of associated traits,but CCR-associated metabolism and traits in Brassica crops have remained largely unstudied except in Arabidopsis thaliana.We report the identification of 16 CCR genes from Brassica napus and its parental spe-cies B.rapa and B.oleracea.The BnCCR1 and BnCCR2 subfamilies displayed divergent organ-specificity and participation in the yellow-seed trait.Their functions were dissected via overexpression of representative paralogs in B.napus.BnCCR1 was expressed preferentially in G-and H-lignin biosynthesis and vascular development,while BnCCR2 was expressed in S-lignin biosynthesis and interfascicular fiber development.BnCCR1 showed stronger effects on lignification-related development,lodging resistance,phenyl-propanoid flux control,and seed coat pigmentation,whereas BnCCR2 showed a stronger effect on sinap-ate biosynthesis.BnCCR1 upregulation delayed bolting and flowering time,while BnCCR2 upregulation weakened the leaf vascular system in consequence of suppressed G-lignin accumulation.BnCCR1 and BnCCR2 were closely but almost oppositely linked with glucosinolate metabolism via inter-pathway crosstalk.We conclude that BnCCR1 and BnCCR2 subfamilies offer great but differing potential for manip-ulating traits associated with phenylpropanoids and glucosinolates.This study reveals the CCR1-CCR2 divergence in Brassicaceae and offers a resource for rapeseed breeding for lodging resistance,yellow-seed traits,and glucosinolate traits.

Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Rapeseed,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement,College of Agronomy and Biotechnology,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;Engineering Research Center of South Upland Agriculture of Ministry of Education,Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China

[1]Nengwen Yin;Bo Li;Xue Liu;Ying Liang;Jianping Lian;Yufei Xue;Cunmin Qu;Kun Lu;Lijuan Wei;Rui Wang;Jiana Li;Yourong Chai-.Two types of cinnamoyl-CoA reductase function divergently in accumulation of lignins,flavonoids and glucosinolates and enhance lodging resistance in Brassica napus)[J].作物学报（英文版）,2022(03):647-660

cinnamoyl,divergently,Cinnamoyl,BnCCR1,BnCCR2,interfascicular,propanoid,sinap,bolting

Two,types,CoA,reductase,accumulation,lignins,flavonoids,glucosinolates,enhance,lodging,resistance,napus,crops,which,worldwide,importance,provide,various,oil,vegetable,ornamental,prod,ucts,well,feedstocks,animal,husbandry,biofuel,industry,entry,point,pathway,crucial,locus,manipulation,associated,traits,but,metabolism,have,remained,largely,unstudied,except,Arabidopsis,thaliana,We,report,identification,genes,from,parental,cies,rapa,oleracea,subfamilies,displayed,organ,specificity,participation,yellow,Their,functions,were,dissected,via,overexpression,representative,paralogs,was,expressed,preferentially,biosynthesis,vascular,development,while,fiber,showed,stronger,effects,lignification,related,flux,control,coat,pigmentation,whereas,upregulation,delayed,flowering,weakened,leaf,system,consequence,suppressed,closely,almost,oppositely,linked,crosstalk,conclude,that,great,differing,potential,ulating,phenylpropanoids,This,study,reveals,divergence,Brassicaceae,offers,resource,rapeseed,breeding

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