Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell therapy, as a novel cellular immunotherapy, has dramatically reshaped the landscape of cancer treatment, especially in hematological malignancies. However, relapse is still one of the most troublesome obstacles to achieving broad clinical application. The intrinsic factors and superior adaptability of tumor cells mark a fundamental aspect of relapse. The unique biological function of CAR-T cells governed by their special CAR construction also affects treatment efficacy. Moreover, complex cross-interactions among CAR-T cells, tumor cells, and the tumor microenvironment (TME) profoundly influence clinical outcomes concerning CAR-T cell function and persistence. Therefore, in this review, based on the most recent discoveries, we focus on the challenges of relapse after CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell malignancies from the perspective of tumor cells, CAR-T cells, and the TME. We also discuss the corresponding basic and clinical approaches that may overcome the problem in the future. We aim to provide a comprehensive understanding for scientists and physicians that will help improve research and clinical practice.

Tianning GU;Meng ZHU;He HUANG;Yongxian HU

Bone Marrow Transplantation Center,the First Affiliated Hospital,Zhejiang University School of Medicine,Hangzhou 310003,China;Liangzhu Laboratory,Zhejiang University Medical Center,Hangzhou 311121,China;Institute of Hematology,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Zhejiang Province Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunity Therapy,Hangzhou 310058,China

浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

[1]Tianning GU;Meng ZHU;He HUANG;Yongxian HU-.Relapse after CAR-T cell therapy in B-cell malignancies:challenges and future approaches)[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2022(10):793-811

Relapse

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