Butyrate and its derivatives possess various nutritional and biological benefits for mammals,whereas its effects on dairy calves have not been well characterized.This study evaluated the effects of tributyrin administration on blood immune,intestinal immune and barrier functions,and microbial composition of pre-weaned dairy calves.Twenty newborn Holstein bull calves were randomly assigned into a control group(no tributyrin supplementation,CON;n=10)or a treatment group(supplemented with tributyrin at 2 g/L of milk,TRB;n=10).The results showed that diarrhea frequency was decreased significantly by tributyrin administration from d 29 to 56(P＜0.001)and the whole period(P=0.003,d 1 to 56)though no significant effects were observed on growth performance.For blood metabolites,tributyrin admin-istration significantly reduced the concentration of interleukin-1β(IL-1β)on d 28(P=0.001)and tended to reduce the concentration of serum amyloid A on d 56(P=0.079),whereas serum oxidative status parameters were not affected.For intestinal development,tributyrin administration increased the villus height(P＜0.001)and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth(P=0.046)in the jejunum,and the villus height in the ileum(P=0.074).Furthermore,toll-like receptor 2(TRL2,P=0.045)and IL-1β(P=0.088)gene expressions were downregulated,while claudin-4(P=0.022)gene expression was upregulated in the jejunum following tributyrin administration.In the ileum,claudin-4(P=0.029)and G-protein coupled receptor 41(P=0.019)gene expressions were upregulated in the TRB group compared to CON.No significantly higher abundances of microbiota were found in the jejunum or ileum of calves in the CON group.In the TRB group,supplementing tributyrin significantly increased the abundance of short-chain fatty acid(SCFA)-producing bacteria,including Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae,Prevotella and Rikenellaceae(LDA＞3.5,P＜0.05),which was negatively associated with inflammatory gene expression(TLR2 and IL-1β)but positively associated with intestinal barrier genes(claudin-4)and morphological parameters(P＜0.05).In conclusion,supplementing tributyrin in milk replacer could improve intestinal development and health of pre-weaned dairy calves by stimulating SCFA-producing bacteria coloniza-tion,enhancing intestinal barrier functions and suppressing inflammatory responses.

Shuai Liu;Junda Wu;Zhaohai Wu;Gibson Maswayi Alugongo;Muhammad Zahoor Khan;Jinghui Li;Jianxin Xiao;Zhiyuan He;Yulin Ma;Shengli Li;Zhijun Cao

State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,College of Animal Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary,Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Guizhou 550005,China;State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition,Institute of Animal Science,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,University of Agriculture,Dera Ismail Khan,29220,Pakistan;Department of Animal Science,University of California,Davis,CA 95616,USA

动物营养（英文）

[1]Shuai Liu;Junda Wu;Zhaohai Wu;Gibson Maswayi Alugongo;Muhammad Zahoor Khan;Jinghui Li;Jianxin Xiao;Zhiyuan He;Yulin Ma;Shengli Li;Zhijun Cao-.Tributyrin administration improves intestinal development and health in pre-weaned dairy calves fed milk replacer)[J].动物营养（英文）,2022(03):399-411

Tributyrin,calves,replacer,Butyrate,TRL2,coloniza

administration,improves,intestinal,development,health,weaned,dairy,fed,milk,derivatives,possess,various,nutritional,biological,benefits,mammals,whereas,effects,have,not,been,well,characterized,This,study,evaluated,tributyrin,blood,immune,barrier,functions,microbial,composition,Twenty,newborn,Holstein,bull,were,randomly,assigned,into,control,group,supplementation,CON,treatment,supplemented,TRB,results,showed,that,diarrhea,frequency,was,decreased,significantly,by,from,whole,period,though,observed,growth,performance,For,metabolites,reduced,concentration,interleukin,tended,serum,amyloid,oxidative,status,parameters,affected,increased,villus,height,crypt,depth,jejunum,ileum,Furthermore,toll,like,receptor,expressions,downregulated,while,claudin,upregulated,following,In,protein,coupled,compared,No,higher,abundances,microbiota,found,supplementing,short,chain,fatty,acid,SCFA,producing,bacteria,including,Ruminococcaceae,Lachnospiraceae,Prevotella,Rikenellaceae,LDA,which,negatively,associated,inflammatory,TLR2,positively,genes,morphological,conclusion,could,stimulating,enhancing,suppressing,responses

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