Pesticide resistance and resurgence are serious problems often occurring simultaneously in the field.In our long-term study of a fenpropathrin-resistant strain of Tetranychus cinnabaribus,enhancement of detoxification and modified fecundity mecha-nisms were both observed.Here we investigate the network across these two mechanisms and find a key node between resistance and resurgence.We show that the ecdysone path-way is involved in regulating the fecundity of T.cinnabaribus.The concentration change of ecdysone is consistent with the fecundity curve;the concentration of ecdysone is higher in the fenpropathrin-resistant strain which has stronger fecundity.The enhancement of ecdysone is due to overexpression of two P450 genes(CYP314A1 and CYP315A1)in the ecdysone synthesis pathway.Silencing expression of these CYP genes resulted in lower concentration of ecdysone,reduced expression of vitellogenin,and reduced fecundity of T.cinnabaribus.The expression of CYP315A1 is regulated by transcription factors Cap-n-collar isoform C(CncC)and Musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma protein(Maf),which are involved in regulating other P450 genes functioning in detoxification of fenpropathrin in T.cinnabaribus.A similar regulation is established in citrus pest mite Panonychus citri showing that the CncC pathway regulates expression of PcCYP315A1,which affects mite fecundity.Transcription factors are activated to upregulate detoxification genes facilitating pesticide resistance,while the"one to multiple"regulation mode of transcription factors simultaneously increases expression of metabolic enzyme genes in hormone pathways and alters the physiology of pests.This is an important response of arthropods to pesticides which leads to resistance and population resurgence.

Guang-Mao Shen;Shi-Yuan Ou;Chuan-Zhen Li;Kai-Yang Feng;Jin-Zhi Niu;Michael J.Adang;Lin He

Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering,College of Plant Protection,Southwest University,Chongqing,China;Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Southwest University,Chongqing,China;State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University,Southwest University,Chongqing,China;Department of Entomology,University of Georgia,Athens,Georgia,USA

中国昆虫科学（英文版）

[1]Guang-Mao Shen;Shi-Yuan Ou;Chuan-Zhen Li;Kai-Yang Feng;Jin-Zhi Niu;Michael J.Adang;Lin He-.Transcription factors CncC and Maf connect the molecular network between pesticide resistance and resurgence of pest mites)[J].中国昆虫科学（英文版）,2022(03):801-816

CncC,fenpropathrin,cinnabaribus,CYP314A1,CYP315A1,Musculoaponeurotic,PcCYP315A1

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