A target of limiting global warming below 1.5 or 2 ℃ by 2100 relative to the preindustrial level was established in the 2015 Paris Agreement to combat the climate crisis.The fast increase in human-induced CO2 in the atmosphere has accelerated the warming dur-ing the past decades.To achieve the low-warming target,China has announced that it will endeavor to reach the carbon emission peak by 2030 and carbon neutrality by 2060 [1].Many other regions or countries have also issued legislation or policies to accomplish carbon neutrality by the middle of this century such as the European Union,India,Canada,South Africa,etc.[2].The achievement of the ambitious carbon neutrality in the future will require anthropogenic emissions to decrease quickly from now,which could lead to reductions in both CO2 and aerosols [3].How-ever,the same trends in CO2 and aerosols have the opposite radia-tive forcings.The cooling effect of declined CO2 will be superimposed by the warming effect of declined aerosols.Mean-while,aerosol changes could affect oceanic processes from the sur-face to the depth [4,5] and alter the regional pattern of surface temperature.Therefore,the roles of anthropogenic aerosols on sur-face temperature changes under carbon neutrality need further investigations.

State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China

[1]Xiaofan Ma;Gang Huang;Junji Cao-.The significant roles of anthropogenic aerosols on surface temperature under carbon neutrality)[J].科学通报（英文版）,2022(05):470-473

preindustrial

significant,roles,anthropogenic,aerosols,surface,temperature,under,carbon,neutrality,target,limiting,global,warming,below,by,relative,level,was,established,Paris,Agreement,combat,climate,crisis,fast,increase,human,induced,atmosphere,has,accelerated,dur,past,decades,To,China,announced,that,will,endeavor,reach,peak,Many,other,regions,countries,have,also,issued,legislation,policies,accomplish,middle,this,century,such,European,Union,India,Canada,South,Africa,etc,achievement,ambitious,future,require,emissions,decrease,quickly,from,now,which,could,lead,reductions,both,How,ever,same,trends,opposite,radia,forcings,cooling,effect,declined,superimposed,Mean,while,changes,affect,oceanic,processes,depth,alter,regional,pattern,Therefore,need,further,investigations

0.572181