1.Introduction China's rural areas have experienced a significant transforma-tion in the past four decades.During the period 1978-2019,agri-cultural production increased at an average rate of 5.4％per year[1].Although China's water availability per capita is only one fourth of the global average and the nation's cultivated land is only 9％of the global total,China's increased agricultural production has largely met the food needs of one fifth of the world's population[2].Between 1990 and 2020,the prevalence of undernutrition in China dropped from 22.9％to below 2.5％[3].The rapid growth of China's agricultural sector has been accompanied by a significant shift in production,from a primary focus on grain production to a focus on more diversified and high-value agricultural products such as vegetables,fruits,livestock,and fish[4].Meanwhile,an increasing number of rural laborers are engaged in non-farm employment.A recent study showed that the proportion of rural laborers engaged in non-farm activities increased from 9.3％in 1978 to 84.4％in 2018[5].

Jikun Huang

China Center for Agricultural Policy,School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100087,China

工程（英文）

[1]Jikun Huang-.China's Rural Transformation and Policies:Past Experience and Future Directions)[J].工程（英文）,2022(11):21-26

undernutrition,laborers

Rural,Transformation,Policies,Past,Experience,Future,Directions,Introduction, China,rural,areas,have,experienced,significant,transforma,past,decades,During,period,production,increased,average,rate,year,Although,water,availability,capita,only,one,fourth,global,nation,cultivated,land,total,agricultural,has,largely,met,food,needs,fifth,world,population,Between,prevalence,dropped,from,below,rapid,growth,sector,been,accompanied,by,shift,primary,focus,grain,more,diversified,high,value,products,such,vegetables,fruits,livestock,fish,Meanwhile,increasing,number,engaged,farm,employment,recent,study,showed,that,proportion,activities

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