Background:Oleic acid is an abundant free fatty acid present in livestock that are in a negative energy-balance state, and it may have detrimental effects on female reproduction and fertility. Oleic acid induces lipid accumulation in bovine granulosa cells, which leads to a foam cell-like morphology and reduced steroidogenesis. However, why oleic acid increases lipid accumulation but decreases steroidogenesis remains unclear. This study focused on oleic acid's effects on lipid type and steroidogenesis. Results:Oleic acid increased the lipid accumulation in a concentration-dependent manner and mainly increased the triglyceride level and decreased the cholesterol ester level. Oleic acid also led to a decline in estradiol and progesterone production in porcine granulosa cells in vitro. In addition, oleic acid up-regulated the expression of CD36 and diacylglycerol acyltransferase 2, but down-regulated the expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl- coenzyme A reductase, scavenger receptor class B member 1 and acetyl-Coenzyme A acetyltransferase 2, as well as steroidogenesis-related genes, including cytochrome P450 family 11 subfamily A member 1, cytochrome P450 family 19 subfamily A member 1 and 3 as well as steroidogenic acute regulatory protein at the mRNA and protein levels. An oleic acid-rich diet also enhanced the triglyceride levels and reduced the cholesterol levels in ovarian tissues of female mice, which resulted in lower estradiol levels than in control-fed mice. Compared with the control, decreases in estrus days and the numbers of antral follicles and corpora lutea, as well as an increase in the numbers of the atretic follicles, were found in the oleic acid-fed female mice. Conclusions:Oleic acid changed the lipid type stored in lipid droplets of ovarian granulosa cells, and led to a decrease in steroidogenesis. These results improve our understanding of fertility decline in livestock that are in a negative energy-balance state.

Xiaoge Zhou;Zhaoyi Mo;Yankun Li;Liang Huang;Sihai Yu;Lan Ge;Yamei Hu;Shengjie Shi;Lutong Zhang;Liguang Wang;Lei Gao;Gongshe Yang;Guiyan Chu

Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics,Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province,Yangling 712100,China;Laboratory of Animal Fat Deposition& Muscle Development,College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of veterinary medicine,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China

畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）

[1]Xiaoge Zhou;Zhaoyi Mo;Yankun Li;Liang Huang;Sihai Yu;Lan Ge;Yamei Hu;Shengjie Shi;Lutong Zhang;Liguang Wang;Lei Gao;Gongshe Yang;Guiyan Chu-.Oleic acid reduces steroidogenesis by changing the lipid type stored in lipid droplets of ovarian granulosa cells)[J].畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）,2022(03):756-768

Oleic,estrus,atretic

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