The Imperial Citadel of Thang Long is a crucial case in ancient Vietnam's planning and design history.Although historical materials indicate that the orientation of the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long has a dialectical unity relationship with the surrounding mountains,current research is only speculative generalization and lacks empirical analysis.Based on existing findings,this paper identifies the collineation measurement as a general method in the Sinosphere countries for deter-mining spatial orientation.Using a mixed-method of historical archives,fieldwork and simulation model,this paper summarizes historical clues and three design perspectives related to spatial orien-tation by statistical analysis.Further,it analyzes the logic and application of collineation measure-ment in constructing the Imperial Citadel of Thang Long.The results show that Vietnamese designers used T(a)n Viên Mountain as a component of Thang Long city by collineating the two moun-tain peaks to the west.T(a)n Viên Mountain and the highlands extending eastward from it are used as the key to establishing the position of the Imperial Citadel,setting the spatial structure of human settlements,and the development of city space.The location,layout,and form of important build-ings in the Imperial Citadel are also closely related to the surrounding landscape within 50 km.

Theanh Dinh;Xiaogeng Ren

School of Architecture,Southeast University,Nanjing,China;VNU School of Interdisciplinary Studies,Vietnam National University,Hanoi,Vietnam;Institute of Imperial Citadel Studies of the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences,Hanoi,Vietnam

建筑学研究前沿（英文版）

[1]Theanh Dinh;Xiaogeng Ren-.Collineation measurement:A method for constructing the imperial citadel of Thang Long in harmony with nature)[J].建筑学研究前沿（英文版）,2022(06):1062-1076

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