Ion channels present in the plasma membrane are responsible for integration and propagation of electric signals,which transmit information in nerve cells.Malfunction of these ion channels leads to many neurological diseases.Recently,optogenetic technology has gained a lot of attention for the manipulation of neuronal circuits.Optogenetics is a neuromodulation approach that has been developed to control neuronal functions and activities using light.The lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles(UCNPs)absorb low energy photons in near-infrared(NIR)window and emit high energy photons in the visible spectrum region via nonlinear processes.In the last few decades,UCNPs have gained great attention in various bio-medical applications such as bio-imaging,drug delivery and optogenetics.The near-infrared illumination is considered more suitable for optogenetics application,due to its lower degree of light attenuation and higher tissue penetration compared to visible light.Therefore,UCNPs have been considered as the new promising candidates for optogenetics applications.Upconversion nanoparticle-mediated optogenetic systems provide a great opportunity to manipulate the ion channel in deep tis-sue.Herein,we summarize the upconversion photoluminescence in lanthanide doped nanomaterials and its mechanisms and several approaches adopted to tune emission color or enhance upconversion effi-ciency.Recent advances of lanthanide-doped UCNPs design strategy and their mechanism are reviewed.Then,we discuss the neural circuitry modulation using upconversion nanoparticles mediated opto-genetics.Moreover,the future perspectives towards optogenetics are also included.

Madhumita Patel;Maninder Meenu;Jitender Kumar Pandey;Pawan Kumar;Rajkumar Patel

Department of Chemistry and Nano Science,Ewha Womans University,Seodaemun-gu,Seoul,120-750,South Korea;College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;School of Basic and Applied Sciences,Adamas University,Kolkata,700126,India;Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique-Centre Energie Materiaux Télecommunications(INRS-EMT),Varennes,QC,Canada;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry,University of Oklahoma,101 Stephenson Parkway,Norman,OK,73019,United States;Energy&Environmental Science and Engineering(EESE),Integrated Science and Engineering Division(ISED),Underwood International College,Yonsei University,85 Songdogwahak-ro,Yeonsu-gu,Incheon,21983,South Korea

稀土学报（英文版）

[1]Madhumita Patel;Maninder Meenu;Jitender Kumar Pandey;Pawan Kumar;Rajkumar Patel-.Recent development in upconversion nanoparticles and their application in optogenetics:A review)[J].稀土学报（英文版）,2022(06):847-861

Optogenetics

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