Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), which belongs to the large Asteraceae (Compositae) family, breeds by sexual reproduction and produces seeds. Actually, lettuce seeds are achenes, which are defined as fruits. However, few studies have described the morphological characteristics of the lettuce achenes, and genes essential for achene development are largely unknown in lettuce. To investigate the gene activity during achene de-velopment and determine the possible mechanisms that influence achene development in lettuce, we performed a time-course transcriptome analysis of lettuce achenes. A total of 27,390 expressed genes were detected at the five achene development stages. We investigated the gene expression patterns during achene development and identified the enriched biological processes at the corresponding stages. Kyoto Encyclo-pedia of Genes and Genomes and Gene Ontology analyses revealed a variety of transcriptomic similarities and differences at different achene development stages. Further, transcription factors and phytohormones were found to play important roles during achene development. Finally, we proposed a working model to illustrate the gene expression modules and possible molecular mechanisms underlying achene development. Our time-course transcriptome data also provide a foundation for future functional studies to reveal the genetic control of achene development in lettuce.

Chen Luo;Shenglin Wang;Kang Ning;Zijing Chen;Jingjing Yang;Yixin Wang;Meixia Qi;Qian Wang

Beijing Key Laboratory of Growth and Developmental Regulation for Protected Vegetable Crops,Department of Vegetable Science,College of Horticulture,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193,China

园艺学报（英文版）

[1]Chen Luo;Shenglin Wang;Kang Ning;Zijing Chen;Jingjing Yang;Yixin Wang;Meixia Qi;Qian Wang-.Time-course transcriptome landscape of achene development in lettuce)[J].园艺学报（英文版）,2022(01):99-109

achene,Lettuce

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