An extreme and persistent heat wave event hit Missouri in summer 2012.Current operational forecast models failed to predict such an event at a long lead.The objective of the current study is to simulate this extreme event us-ing a high-resolution Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF)model with eight combined physical(including long-wave/shortwave radiation,microphysics,and planetary boundary layer)parameterization packages.Integrated for one month,the model successfully simulates the spatial pattern and temporal evolution of surface air temperature,com-pared to in-situ observations.The interesting feature is an oscillatory development of the surface air temperature,with a pronounced synoptic timescale.Such a temperature evolution is consistent with the local zonal wind fluctuation,implying the important role of anomalous temperature advection.An overall skill score that combines the performance of 2-m air temperature,relative humidity,and precipitation fields is defined.The result shows that the combination of Thompson,Rapid Radiative Transfer Model for GCMs(RRTMG),and Mellor-Yamada-Nakanishi-Niino level-3(MYNN3)schemes presents the best WRF simulation.A further analysis of this best simulation shows that the model successfully reproduces the urban heat island(UHI)ef-fect in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area with realistic diurnal variation of 2-m air temperature in the urban and non-urban areas with a larger UHI effect at nighttime.

Lili ZHU;Fengpeng SUN;Tim LI

Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster,Ministry of Education(KLME)/Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environ-mental Change(ILCEC)/Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters(CIC-FEMD),Nanjing University of Information Science&Technology,Nanjing 210044,China;Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences,University of Missouri-Kansas City,Kansas City,Missouri 64110,USA;International Pacific Research Center and Department of Atmospheric Sciences,School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology,University of Hawaii at Manoa,Honolulu,Hawaii 96822,USA

气象学报（英文版）

[1]Lili ZHU;Fengpeng SUN;Tim LI-.Simulations of a Persistent Heat Wave Event in Missouri in Summer 2012 Using a High-Resolution WRF Model)[J].气象学报（英文版）,2022(04):631-642

RRTMG,Mellor,Nakanishi,Niino,MYNN3

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