Methane from enteric fermentation is the gas with the greatest environmental impact emitted by ruminants. Lovastatin (Lv) addition to feedstocks could be a strategy to mitigate rumen methane emissions via decreasing the population of methanogenic archaea (MA). Thus, this paper provides the first overview of the effects of Lv supplementation, focusing on the inhibition of methane production, rumen microbiota, and ruminal fermentation. Results indicated that Lv treatment had a strong anti-methanogenic effect on pure strains of MA. However, there are uncertainties from in vitro rumen fermentation trials with complex substrates and rumen inoculum. Solid-state fermentation (SSF) has emerged as a cost-effective option to produce Lv. In this way, SSF of agricultural residues as an Lv-carrier supplement in sheep and goats demonstrated a consistent decrease in ruminal methane emissions. The experimental evidence for in vitro conditions showed that Lv did not affect the volatile fatty acids (VFA). However, in vivo experiments demonstrated that the production of VFA was decreased. Lv did not negatively affect the digestibility of dry matter during in vitro and in vivo methods, and there is even evidence that it can induce an increase in digestibility. Regarding the rumen microbiota, populations of MA were reduced, and no differences were detected in alpha and beta diversity associated with Lv treatment. However, some changes in the relative abundance of the microbiota were induced. Further studies are recommended on:(i) Lv biodegradation products and stability, as well as its adsorption onto the solid matter in the rumen, to gain more insight on the "available"or effective Lv concentration;and (ii) to determine whether the effect of Lv on ruminal fermentation also depends on the feed composition and different ruminants.

Amauryábrego-Gacía;Héctor M.Poggi-Varaldo;Vania Robles-González;Teresa Ponce-Noyola;Graciano Calva-Calva;Elvira Ríos-Leal;Daniel Estrada-Bárcenas;Alfredo Mendoza-Vargas

Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering,CINVESTAV-IPN,P.O.Box 17-740,07000 Mexico City,Mexico;Environmental Biotechnology and Renewable Energies Group,CINVESTAV-IPN,P.O.Box 17-740,07000 Mexico City,Mexico;Instituto de Hidrología,Universidad Tecnológica de la Mixteca,Oaxaca 69000 Huajuapan de León,Mexico;National Collection of Microbial and Cellular Cultures,CINVESTAV-IPN,P.O.Box17-740,07000 Mexico City,Mexico;Unidad de Secuenciación e Identificación de Polimorfismos,Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica,14610 Mexico City,Mexico

畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）

[1]Amauryábrego-Gacía;Héctor M.Poggi-Varaldo;Vania Robles-González;Teresa Ponce-Noyola;Graciano Calva-Calva;Elvira Ríos-Leal;Daniel Estrada-Bárcenas;Alfredo Mendoza-Vargas-.Lovastatin as a supplement to mitigate rumen methanogenesis:an overview)[J].畜牧与生物技术杂志（英文版）,2022(02):353-364

Lovastatin

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