Dear Editor, Thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TRH)is a tripeptide(L-pyroglu-tamyl-L-histidinyl-L-prolinamide)that is widely distributed in the brain and spinal cord,playing dual roles as both an endocrine hormone and a neuropeptide.TRH plays a central role in the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid(HPT)axis.1-3 TRH is mainly synthesized in the hypothalamus and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH,also known as thyrotropin)and prolactin from the anterior lobe of the hypophysis.4,5TRH activates the class A G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR)thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor(TRHR),leading to the coupling of Gαq/G11 and the subsequent production of inositol-1,4,5-tripho-sphate and the release of intracellular Ca2+ions.6 Outside of the hypothalamus,TRH functions as a neurotransmitter or a neuro-modulator2 and exhibits antidepressant activity,arousal,analeptic and neuroprotective effects,cardiovascular and gastrointestinal autonomic functions.2,7 TRH is considered a promising peptide template for the analogue development to treat brain and spinal injuries,or central nervous system(CNS)disorders including epilepsy,schizophrenia,spinal cord trauma,Alzheimer's disease(AD),Parkinson's disease(PD)and depression.

Fan Yang;Huanhuan Zhang;Xianyu Meng;Yingge Li;Yingxin Zhou;Shenglong Ling;Demeng Sun;Pei Lv;Lei Liu;Pan Shi;Changlin Tian

The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC,School of Life Sciences,Division of Life Sciences and Medicine,Joint Center for Biological Analytical Chemistry,Anhui Engineering Laboratory of Peptide Drug,Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Photonic Science and Technology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei,Anhui,China;Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology,Department of Chemistry,Tsinghua University,Beijing,China;High Magnetic Field Laboratory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Hefei,Anhui,China

细胞研究（英文版）

[1]Fan Yang;Huanhuan Zhang;Xianyu Meng;Yingge Li;Yingxin Zhou;Shenglong Ling;Demeng Sun;Pei Lv;Lei Liu;Pan Shi;Changlin Tian-.Structural insights into thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor activation by an endogenous peptide agonist or its orally administered analogue)[J].细胞研究（英文版）,2022(09):858-861

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