Internal gases caused by side reactions are crucial signals for evaluating health and safety states of Li-ion batteries(LIBs)while it is still a great challenge to timely realize accurate monitoring.To address the issues of implanting various gas sensors into commercial batteries,here a novel method is developed to fast operando monitoring gas evolution via equipping non-dispersive infrared multi-gases sensors into a sealed tank,where real commercial batteries with one open end could be settled for operating.The gen-erated CO2 concentration is strongly linked with both voltage and temperature,while the concentrations of CH4 and C2H4 are solely dependent on temperature.As a typical trace gas,evolution behaviors of CO2 have been related to O2 generation from LiNi0.5Mn0.3Co0.2O2 positive electrode,implying stable CO2 release below a critical voltage of 4.5 V.By tracking CO2 concentration,an increased amount of Li2CO3 was monitored on the surface of graphite negative electrode during discharge process at different tem-peratures and cutoff voltages,which contributes to the component variation of solid electrolyte inter-faces.Such operando techniques promise a platform for well understanding the interaction of side reactions linked with gas evolution between positive and negative electrodes in commercial LIBs.

Institute of Advanced Structure Technology,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;School of Information and Electronics,Beijing Institute of Technology,Beijing 100081,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China

[1]Siqi Lyu;Na Li;Lei Sun;Shuqiang Jiao;Haosen Chen;Wei-Li Song-.Rapid operando gas monitor for commercial lithium ion batteries:Gas evolution and relation with electrode materials)[J].能源化学,2022(09):14-25

equipping

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