Bridging the performance gap of the electrocatalyst between the rotating disk electrode(RDE)and mem-brane electrode assembly(MEA)level testing is the key to reducing the total cost of proton exchange membrane fuel cell(PEMFC)vehicles.Presently,platinum metal accounts for～42％of the total cost of the PEMFC vehicles for usage in the cathode catalyst layer,where the sluggish oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)occurs.An alternative to the platinum catalyst,the Fe-N-C catalyst has attracted considerable interest for PEMFC due to its cost-effectiveness and high catalytic activity towards ORR.However,the excellent ORR activity of Fe-N-C obtained from RDE studies rarely translates the same performance into MEA operating conditions.Such a performance gap is mainly attributed to the lack of atomic-level under-standing of Fe-N-C active sites and their ORR mechanism.Besides,unless the cost of expensive electro-catalyst is reduced,the total operation cost of the PEMFC vehicles remains constant.Therefore,developing highly efficient Fe-N-C catalysts from academic and industrial perspectives is critical for com-mercializing PEMFC vehicles.Here,the scope of the review is three-fold.First,we discussed the atomic-level insights of Fe-N-C active sites and ORR mechanism,followed by unraveling the different iron-based nanostructured ORR electrocatalysts,including oxide,carbide,nitride,phosphide,sulfide,and single-atom catalysts.And then we bridged their ORR catalytic performance gap between the RDE and MEA tests for real operating conditions of PEMFC vehicles.Second,we focused on bridging the cost barriers of PEMFC vehicles between capital,operation,and end-user.Finally,we provided the path to achieve sus-tainable development goals by commercializing PEMFC vehicles for a better world.

Mohamedazeem M.Mohideen;Adiyodi Veettil Radhamani;Seeram Ramakrishna;Yen Wei;Yong Liu

Beijing Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Composites,College of Materials Science and Engineering,Beijing University of Chemical Technology,Beijing 100029,China;Department of Physics and Nanotechnology,SRM Institute of Science and Technology,Kattankulathur 603203,India;Center for Nanofibers and Nanotechnology,National University of Singapore,Singapore 1157,Singapore;Department of Chemistry,Key Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry&Chemical Biology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China

能源化学

[1]Mohamedazeem M.Mohideen;Adiyodi Veettil Radhamani;Seeram Ramakrishna;Yen Wei;Yong Liu-.Recent insights on iron based nanostructured electrocatalyst and current status of proton exchange membrane fuel cell for sustainable transport)[J].能源化学,2022(06):466-489

mercializing

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