In accordance with the Paris Agreement,China has committed to reach the peak of carbon dioxide emissions and achieve carbon neutrality by 2030 and 2060,respectively.This places rechargeable batteries to the central stage because they are at the core of renew-able energy technologies such as electric vehicles and large-scale energy storage systems.On one hand,some emerging applications(such as power electric aircrafts and trucks)demand very high energy density.For this,we must solve both energy density and safety problems.Solid-state lithium batteries are the way to go[1].On the other hand,as a matter of fact,nearly 90％of the battery demand requires an energy density of lower than 200 Wh/kg.The majority of this huge demand is predicted to arise from transporta-tion and energy storage sectors in 2030.This market of low-to-medium energy density is currently dominated by lithium-ion bat-teries based on a lithium iron phosphate(LiFeP04)cathode and a graphite(C)anode.However,raw materials supply,in particular lithium,is becoming an increasingly critical issue,which is also strongly related to geopolitical security.Therefore,there is an urgent need for rechargeable batteries with energy density similar to that of lithium iron phosphate batteries and at the same time,such batteries also need to have the characteristics of low cost and rich raw materials.

Engineering Research Center of Advanced Functional Material Manufacturing of Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001,China;University of Michigan-Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Solid-State Battery Research Center,Global Institute of Future Technology,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China

[1]Bin Tang;Xinyu Yu;Yirong Gao;Shou-Hang Bo;Zhen Zhou-.Positioning solid-state sodium batteries in future transportation and energy storage)[J].科学通报（英文版）,2022(21):2149-2153

LiFeP04

Positioning,solid,state,sodium,batteries,future,transportation,energy,storage,In,accordance,Paris,Agreement,China,has,committed,reach,peak,carbon,dioxide,emissions,achieve,neutrality,by,respectively,This,places,rechargeable,central,stage,because,they,are,core,renew,technologies,such,electric,vehicles,large,scale,systems,On,one,hand,some,emerging,applications,power,aircrafts,trucks,demand,very,high,density,For,this,must,solve,both,safety,problems,Solid,lithium,way,go,other,matter,fact,nearly,battery,requires,lower,than,Wh,majority,huge,predicted,arise,from,sectors,market,medium,currently,dominated,iron,phosphate,cathode,graphite,anode,However,raw,materials,supply,particular,becoming,increasingly,critical,issue,which,also,strongly,related,geopolitical,security,Therefore,there,urgent,need,similar,that,same,have,characteristics,cost,rich

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