Human bodily movements are primarily controlled by the contractions of skeletal muscles.Unlike joint or skeletal movements that are generally performed in the large displacement range,the contractions of the skeletal muscles that underpin these movements are subtle in intensity yet high in frequency.This subtlety of movement makes it a formidable challenge to develop wearable and durable soft materials to electrically monitor such motions with high fidelity for the purpose of,for example,muscle/neuromuscular disease diagnosis.Here we report that an intrinsically fragile ultralow-density graphene-based cellular monolith sandwiched between silicone rubbers can exhibit a highly effective stress and strain transfer mechanism at its interface with the rubber,with a remarkable improvement in stretchability(＞100％).In particular,this hybrid also exhibits a highly sensitive,broadband-frequency electrical response(up to 180 Hz)for a wide range of strains.By correlating the mechanical signal of muscle movements obtained from this hybrid material with electromyography,we demonstrate that the strain sensor based on this hybrid material may provide a new,soft and wearable mechanomyography approach for real-time monitoring of complex neuromuscular-skeletal interactions in a broad range of healthcare and human-machine interface applications.This work also provides a new architecture-enabled functional soft material platform for wearable electronics.

Zijun He;Zheng Qi;Huichao Liu;Kangyan Wang;Leslie Roberts;Jefferson Z.Liu;Yilun Liu;Stephen J.Wang;Mark J.Cook;George P.Simon;Ling Qiu;Dan Li

Department of Chemical Engineering,The University of Melbourne,Melbourne 3010,Australia;Department of Materials Science and Engineering,Monash University,Melbourne 3800,Australia;Department of Chemical Engineering,Monash University,Melbourne 3800,Australia;State Key Laboratory for Strength and Vibration of Mechanical Structures,School of Aerospace Engineering,Xi'an Jiaotong University,Xi'an 710049,China;Neurophysiology Department,Department of Neurology and Neurological Research,St Vincent's Hospital,Melbourne 3065,Australia;Department of Medicine,St.Vincent's Hospital,University of Melbourne,Melbourne 3010,Australia;Department of Mechanical Engineering,University of Melbourne,Melbourne 3010,Australia;Department of Design,Monash University,Melbourne 3145,Australia;School of Design,The Hong Kong Polytechnic University,Hong Kong 999077,China;Shenzhen Geim Graphene Center,Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute,Tsinghua University,Shenzhen 518055,China

国家科学评论（英文版）

[1]Zijun He;Zheng Qi;Huichao Liu;Kangyan Wang;Leslie Roberts;Jefferson Z.Liu;Yilun Liu;Stephen J.Wang;Mark J.Cook;George P.Simon;Ling Qiu;Dan Li-.Detecting subtle yet fast skeletal muscle contractions with ultrasoft and durable graphene-based cellular materials)[J].国家科学评论（英文版）,2022(04):100-110

ultrasoft,subtlety,mechanomyography

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