The earth pressure acting on retaining walls due to creep and consolidation is under limited equilibrium conditions (limited displacement).Linear elastic constitutive theory can be applied to determine earth pressure distribution along retaining walls under limited displacement condition.In addition,tangent modulus in Duncan-Chang nonlinear elastic model was introduced to reflect the variations of soil modulus with confining pressure,and boundary strains were derived from Rankine active earth pressure,Rankine passive earth pressure,static earth pressure and principal stress direction deflection.According to the above four boundary strains,earth pressure on retaining walls was divided into five state zones.By comparing the calculation results obtained from the equations proposed in this paper with those of experimental tests,the following conclusions can be drawn:earth pressure distribution was always nonlinear along retaining walls for translation displacement (T mode),rotation displacement around wall base (RB mode),and translation + rotation displacement around wall base (RBT mode).Also,calculated earth pressure distributions along with the depth of wail were found to be consistent with measured values under three displacement modes.Additionally,a parametric study was carded out to evaluate the effects of internal friction angle and backfill soil cohesion on earth pressure.It could be seen from the above series of studies that the earth pressure equations derived in this work could be well applied in practical engineering in designing retaining walls.

ZHANG Le;DANG Fa-ning;WANG Xu;DING Jiu-long;GAO Jun;ZHANG Yu

School of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China;State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China;Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Loess Mechanics and Engineering,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China

山地科学学报（英文版）

[1]ZHANG Le;DANG Fa-ning;WANG Xu;DING Jiu-long;GAO Jun;ZHANG Yu-.Estimation of earth pressure against retaining walls with different limited displacement modes based on elastic theory)[J].山地科学学报（英文版）,2022(01):289-304

wail,carded

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