This study developed a method to fabricate a surface-oxidized rigid carbon foam(ORCF)with hierarchi-cal macro-nanoporous structure via KOH activation of the carbon foam with two kinds of macropores followed by HNO3 hydrothermal oxidation.The structures of the prepared ORCF were characterized us-ing scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectra,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,and N2 adsorption-desorption analyzer.Results demonstrate that the ORCF possesses a fluffy and porous structure with rich oxygen-containing groups.There are numerous through-holes on its pore surfaces connected with two-level macropores forming hi-erarchical macroporous channels.Meanwhile,the ORCF remains a good bulk structure with a compression strength of 0.74 MPa at a bulk density of 0.09 g cm-3.Batch adsorption experiments for malachite green(MG)and Pb2+were studied through the single variable method to investigate the effects of different ini-tial conditions on its adsorption process.The ORCF has maximum adsorption capacities for MG and Pb2+of 587.68 mg g-1 and 157.80 mg g-1 with high partition coefficients of 17.41 mg g-1 μM-1 and 14.86 mg g-1 μM-1,respectively.The experimental data are suitable for Langmuir isotherm and Pseudo-second-order kinetic models,which correspond to monolayer chemisorption.Thermodynamic analysis indicates that the adsorption process is spontaneous and endothermic.Moreover,the removal percentages of MG and Pb2+by the ORCF could remain above 90％after five cycles,implying that the ORCF is an efficient adsorbent with good adsorption ability and cycling stability.

Qiyun Zhang;Renquan Wu;Yunhong Zhou;Qilang Lin;Changqing Fang

College of Advanced Manufacturing,Fuzhou University,Jinjiang 362251,China;College of Materials Science and Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350116,China;Faculty of Printing,Packing Engineering and Digital Media Technology,Xi'an University of Technology,Xi'an 710048,China

材料科学技术（英文版）

[1]Qiyun Zhang;Renquan Wu;Yunhong Zhou;Qilang Lin;Changqing Fang-.A novel surface-oxidized rigid carbon foam with hierarchical macro-nanoporous structure for efficient removal of malachite green and lead ion)[J].材料科学技术（英文版）,2022(08):15-28

ORCF,fluffy,erarchical,Pb2+were,Pb2+of,Pb2+by

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