Despite representing one of the largest cratons on Earth,the early geological evolution of the Amazonia Craton remains poorly known due to relatively poor exposure and because younger metamorphic and tectonic events have obscured initial information.In this study,we investigated the sedimentary archives of the Carajás Basin to unravel the early geological evolution of the southeastern Amazonia Craton.The Carajás Basin contains sedimentary rocks that were deposited throughout a long period spanning more than one billion years from the Mesoarchean to the Paleoproterozoic.The oldest archives preserved in this basin consist of a few ca.3.6 Ga detrital zircon grains showing that the geological roots of the Amazonia Craton were already formed by the Eoarchean.During the Paleoarchean or the early Mesoarchean(＜3.1 Ga),the Carajás Basin was large and rigid enough to sustain the formation and preser-vation of the Rio Novo Group greenstone belt.Later,during the Neoarchean,at ca.2.7 Ga,the southeast-ern Amazonia Craton witnessed the emplacement of the Parauapebas Large Igneous Province(LIP)that probably covered a large part of the craton and was associated with the deposition of some of the world largest iron formations.The emplacement of this LIP immediately preceded a period of continental exten-sion that formed a rift infilled first by iron formations followed by terrigenous sediments.This major change of sedimentary regime might have been controlled by the regional tectonic evolution of the Amazonia Craton and its emergence above sea-level.During the Paleoproterozoic,at ca.2.1 Ga,the Rio Fresco Group,consisting of terrigenous sediments from the interior of the Amazonia Craton,was depos-ited in the Carajás Basin.At that time,the Amazonian lithosphere could have either underwent thermal subsidence forming a large intracratonic basin or could have been deformed by long wavelength flexures that induced the formation of basins and swells throughout the craton under the influence of the growing Transamazonian mountain belt.

Camille Rossignol;Paul Yves Jean Antonio;Francesco Narduzzi;Eric Siciliano Rego;Lívia Teixeira;Romário Almeida de Souza;Janaína N.ávila;Marco A.L.Silva;Cristiano Lana;Ricardo I.F.Trindade;Pascal Philippot

Departamento de Geofísica,Instituto de Astronomia,Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas da Universidade de S?o Paulo,Rua do Mat?o,1226-Cidade Universitária,S?o Paulo 05508-090,Brazil;Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris,Université de Paris,CNRS,Paris,France;Géosciences Montpellier,Université de Montpellier,CNRS,Université des Antilles,Montpellier,France;Instituto de Geociências,Universidade de S?o Paulo,Rua do Lago,562-Cidade Universitária,S?o Paulo 05508-080,Brazil;Instituto de Geociências e Engenharias,Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará-UNIFESSPA,Folha 17,Quadra 04,Lote especial,Nova Marabá,Marabá,Pará 68505-080,Brazil;Research School of Earth Sciences,The Australian National University,142 Mills Road,Canberra,ACT 2601,Australia;Applied Isotope Research Group,Departamento de Geologia,Escola de Minas,Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto,Rua Diogo de Vasconcelos,122,35400-000 Ouro Preto,MG,Brazil

地学前缘（英文版）

[1]Camille Rossignol;Paul Yves Jean Antonio;Francesco Narduzzi;Eric Siciliano Rego;Lívia Teixeira;Romário Almeida de Souza;Janaína N.ávila;Marco A.L.Silva;Cristiano Lana;Ricardo I.F.Trindade;Pascal Philippot-.Unraveling one billion years of geological evolution of the southeastern Amazonia Craton from detrital zircon analyses)[J].地学前缘（英文版）,2022(05):129-152

Amazonia,Caraj,Mesoarchean,Eoarchean,Paleoarchean,Parauapebas,Fresco,intracratonic,flexures,Transamazonian

Unraveling,billion,years,geological,evolution,southeastern,Craton,from,detrital,zircon,analyses,Despite,representing,largest,cratons,Earth,early,remains,poorly,known,due,relatively,exposure,because,younger,metamorphic,tectonic,events,have,obscured,initial,information,In,this,study,investigated,sedimentary,archives,Basin,unravel,contains,rocks,that,were,deposited,throughout,long,period,spanning,more,than,Paleoproterozoic,oldest,preserved,few,Ga,grains,showing,roots,already,by,During,was,rigid,enough,sustain,vation,Rio,Novo,Group,greenstone,belt,Later,during,Neoarchean,witnessed,emplacement,Large,Igneous,Province,LIP,probably,covered,part,associated,deposition,some,world,iron,formations,immediately,preceded,continental,exten,sion,rift,infilled,first,followed,terrigenous,sediments,This,major,change,regime,might,been,controlled,regional,its,emergence,above,sea,level,consisting,interior,At,Amazonian,lithosphere,could,either,underwent,thermal,subsidence,forming,deformed,wavelength,induced,basins,swells,influence,growing,mountain

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