Phosphorus (P) leaching is a major problem in greenhouse vegetable production with excessive P fertilizer application. Substitution of inorganic P fertilizer with organic fertilizer is considered a potential strategy to reduce leaching, but the effect of organic material addition on soil P transformation and leaching loss remains unclear. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy technique can determine P speciation at the molecular level. Here, we integrated XANES and chemical methods to explore P speciation and transformation in a 10-year field experiment with four treatments: 100％ chemical fertilizer (4CN), 50％ chemical N and 50％ manure N (2CN+2MN), 50％ chemical N and 50％ straw N (2CN+2SN), and 50％ chemical N and 25％ manure N plus 25％ straw N (2CN+2MSN). Compared with the 4CN treatment, the organic substitution treatments increased the content of labile P by 13.7–54.2％ in the 0–40 cm soil layers, with newberyite and brushite being the main constituents of the labile P. Organic substitution treatments decreased the stable P content; hydroxyapatite was the main species and showed an increasing trend with increasing soil depth. Straw addition (2CN+2SN and 2CN+2MSN) resulted in a higher moderately labile P content and a lower labile P content in the subsoil (60–100 cm). Moreover, straw addition significantly reduced the concentrations and amounts of total P, dissolved inorganic P (DIP), and particulate P in leachate. DIP was the main form transferred by leaching and co-migrated with dissolved organic carbon. Partial least squares path modeling revealed that straw addition decreased P leaching by decreasing labile P and increasing moderately labile P in the subsoil. Overall, straw addition is beneficial for developing sustainable P management strategies due to increasing labile P in the upper soil layer for the utilization of plants, and decreasing P migration and leaching.

ZHANG Yin-jie;GAO Wei;LUAN Hao-an;TANG Ji-wei;LI Ruo-nan;LI Ming-yue;ZHANG Huai-zhi;HUANG Shao-wen

Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,P.R.China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Tianjin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Tianjin 300192,P.R.China;College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,P.R.China;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Shijiazhuang 050051,P.R.China

农业科学学报（英文）

[1]ZHANG Yin-jie;GAO Wei;LUAN Hao-an;TANG Ji-wei;LI Ruo-nan;LI Ming-yue;ZHANG Huai-zhi;HUANG Shao-wen-.Long-term straw addition promotes moderately labile phosphorus formation, decreasing phosphorus downward migration and loss in greenhouse vegetable soil)[J].农业科学学报（英文）,2022(09):2734-2749

2CN+2MN,2CN+2SN,2CN+2MSN,newberyite,brushite

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