An outbreak of powerful tornadoes tore through multiple states in the central and southern United States from 10 to 11 December 2021. It is claimed the deadliest tornado outbreak that has taken place on December days. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration had confirmed 66 tornadoes as of 21 December, producing at least 90 fatalities. Most tornadoes occurred at night and thus they were difficult to be visually located, which directly increases the risk for local residents. Two violent nighttime tornadoes were rated category 4 on the enhanced Fujita scale (EF4). Although a high death toll was caused during this event, the operational service actually presented an excellent performance. This tornado outbreak has aroused extensive discussion from both the public and the research community in China. This paper presents a brief discussion on the formation environment and warning services of the tornado outbreak. Recall the deadliest violent tornado in the past 45 years in China, the radar-based tornadic vortex signatures at the locations with EF4 damages show a comparable strength with those in the current cases. Some views on the tornado warning issuance and receiving and damage surveys in China are also presented.

LI Cai-ling;BAI Lan-qiang;YU Xiao-ding;TAN Hao-bo;HUANG Xian-xiang;YAN Li-jun;LI Zhao-ming;ZHANG Ze-yu

Foshan Tornado Research Center,Foshan Meteorological Service,Foshan,Guangdong 528000 China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai),Zhuhai,Guangdong 519082 China;China Meteorological Administration Training Center,Beijing 100081 China;Guangdong Meteorological Service,Guangzhou 510062 China

热带气象学报（英文版）

[1]LI Cai-ling;BAI Lan-qiang;YU Xiao-ding;TAN Hao-bo;HUANG Xian-xiang;YAN Li-jun;LI Zhao-ming;ZHANG Ze-yu-.A Brief Discussion on the High-impact Cold-season Tornado Outbreak During 10-11 December 2021 in the United States)[J].热带气象学报（英文版）,2022(02):252-260

tornadoes,tore

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