Solid electrolyte interphase(SEI)is derived from electrolyte decomposition,and considered as extremely crucial interface,which has a huge influence on the reversible operation of lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)and lithium metal batteries(LMBs)[1-3],e.g.,the irreversible capacity,internal resistance,Coulombic efficiency,and cycling life of batteries[4-10].However,our knowl-edge on SEI components and structures is still limited although SEI has been studied for several decades.The lack of effective charac-terization techniques leads to the gap between cognitive theory and actual state of SEI.The morphology information of SEI has been observed by cryo-electron microscope(cryo-EM),nonetheless,the previous experimental data were obtained in the absence of liquid electrolyte[11,12].Due to the high vacuum environment of elec-tron microscope,liquid electrolyte can hardly exist.Thus,it is chal-lenging to characterize the influence of liquid electrolyte on SEI structures and components.

Shihan Qi;Xiu Li;Jianmin Ma

School of Materials and Energy,University of Electronic Science and Technology of China,Chengdu 611731,China

科学通报（英文版）

[1]Shihan Qi;Xiu Li;Jianmin Ma-.Breakthrough on understanding the solid electrolyte interphase)[J].科学通报（英文版）,2022(10):1013-1014

nonetheless

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