Carbon dots(CDs),as a unique zero-dimensional member of carbon materials,have attracted numerous attentions for their potential applications in optoelectronic,biological,and energy related fields.Recently,CDs as catalysts for energy conversion reactions under multi-physical conditions such as light and/or electricity have grown into a research frontier due to their advantages of high visible light utilization,fast migration of charge carriers,efficient surface redox reactions and good electrical conductivity.In this review,we summarize the fabrication methods of CDs and corresponding CD nanocomposites,including the strategies of surface modification and heteroatom doping.The properties of CDs that concerned to the photo-and electro-catalysis are highlighted and detailed corresponding applications are listed.More importantly,as new non-contact detection technologies,transient photo-induced voltage/current have been developed to detect and study the charge transfer kinetics,which can sensitively reflect the complex electron separation and transfer behavior in photo-/electro-catalysts.The development and application of the techniques are reviewed.Finally,we discuss and outline the major challenges and opportunities for future CD-based catalysts,and the needs and expectations for the development of novel characterization technologies.

Yunjie Zhou;Fan Liao;Yang Liu;Zhenhui Kang

Institute of Functional Nano and Soft Materials(FUNSOM),Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices,Soochow University,199 Ren'ai Road,Suzhou,Jiangsu 215123,People's Republic of China;Macao Institute of Materials Science and Engineering(MIMSE),MUST-SUDA Joint Research Center for Advanced Functional Materials,Macau University of Science and Technology,Taipa,Macao 999078,People's Republic of China

极端制造（英文）

[1]Yunjie Zhou;Fan Liao;Yang Liu;Zhenhui Kang-.The advanced multi-functional carbon dots in photoelectrochemistry based energy conversion)[J].极端制造（英文）,2022(04):前插1,1-18

photoelectrochemistry

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