Pathogenic enteric viruses pose a significant risk to human health.Nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI),a novel material for environmental remediation,has been shown to be a promising tool for disinfection.However,the existing research has typically utilized MS2 or f2 bacteriophages to investigate the antimicrobial properties of nZVI,and the resistance difference between bacteriophages,which is important for the application of disinfection technologies,is not yet understood.Here,MS2 and PhiX174 containing RNA and DNA,respectively,were used as model viruses to investigate the resistances to nZVI.The bacteriophage inactivation mechanisms were also discussed using TEM images,protein,and nucleic acid analysis.The results showed that an initial concentration of 10° PFU/mL of MS2 could be completely inactivated within 240 min by 40 mg/L nZVI at pH 7,whereas the complete inactivation of PhiX174 could not be achieved by extending the reaction time,increasing the nZVI dosage,or changing the dosing means.This indicates that the resistance of phage PhiX174 to nZVI was much stronger than that of MS2.TEM images indicated that the viral particle shape was distorted,and the capsid shell was ruptured by nZVI.The damage to viral surface proteins in both phages was examined by three-dimensional fluorescence spectrum and sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).However,the nucleic acid analysis demonstrated that the nucleic acid of MS2,but not PhiX174,was destroyed.It indicated that bacteriophage inactivation was mainly attributed to the damage of nucleic acids.

Rong Cheng;Yingying Zhang;Tao Zhang;Feng Hou;Xiaoxin Cao;Lei Shi;Peiwen Jiang;Xiang Zheng;Jianlong Wang

School of Environment and Natural Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China;China Water Environment Group Co.Ltd.,Beijing 101101,China;Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China

环境科学与工程前沿

[1]Rong Cheng;Yingying Zhang;Tao Zhang;Feng Hou;Xiaoxin Cao;Lei Shi;Peiwen Jiang;Xiang Zheng;Jianlong Wang-.The inactivation of bacteriophages MS2 and PhiX174 by nanoscale zero-valent iron:Resistance difference and mechanisms)[J].环境科学与工程前沿,2022(08):146-155

PhiX174

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