典型文献
Analytical and Observational Investigation of Colors Effects on Drag Reduction in Penguins
文献摘要：
All 18 extant species of penguin are strongly countershaded,having dark dorsal and light ventral coloration.In this paper,the thermal effects of this body color in penguins are investigated through analytical and observational analyses.First,a thermal analysis that takes into account the environmental characteristics of penguins'habitats,fluxes,and morphology is used to analytically calculate penguin dorsal surface temperature.Next,a turbulent analytical solution for a heated boundary layer over a flat plate is applied to show that the dark color on the top of the penguins'bodies is very effective at skin drag reduction.To verify this result,a 2D model penguin is computationally analyzed at different temperatures,confirming in principle underwater skin drag reduction through color-based surface warming with efficiency savings of up to 30％.Finally,to study how color-based increases in body surface temperatures are maintained through foraging dives,thermal cameras are used to measure the surface temperature of captive penguins before and after dives.This study shows conceptually that dark dorsal coloration in penguins could have a significant influence on in-water drag.
文献关键词：
中图分类号：
作者姓名：
Grace Tenorio;Anna Zagrai;William Allen;Mostafa Hassanalian
作者机构：
Department of Mechanical Engineering,New Mexico Tech,Socorro,NM 87801,USA;Cottonwood Valley Charter School,Socorro,NM 87801,USA;Depertment of Biosciences,Swansea University,Swansea SA2 8PP,UK
文献出处：
引用格式：
[1]Grace Tenorio;Anna Zagrai;William Allen;Mostafa Hassanalian-.Analytical and Observational Investigation of Colors Effects on Drag Reduction in Penguins)[J].仿生工程学报（英文版）,2022(04):1036-1053
A类：
Penguins,countershaded,penguins,dives
B类：
Analytical,Observational,Investigation,Colors,Effects,Drag,Reduction,All,extant,species,are,strongly,having,dark,dorsal,light,ventral,coloration,this,paper,thermal,effects,body,investigated,through,observational,analyses,First,analysis,that,takes,into,account,environmental,characteristics,habitats,fluxes,morphology,used,analytically,calculate,surface,Next,turbulent,solution,heated,boundary,layer,over,flat,plate,applied,top,bodies,very,effective,skin,drag,reduction,To,verify,result,2D,model,computationally,analyzed,different,temperatures,confirming,principle,underwater,warming,efficiency,savings,up,Finally,study,increases,maintained,foraging,cameras,measure,captive,before,after,This,shows,conceptually,could,have,significant,influence
AB值：
0.540051
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