In this work, we examined long-term wave distributions using a third-generation numerical wave model called WAVE- WATCH-Ⅲ(WW3) (version 6.07). We also evaluated the influence of sea ice on wave simulation by using eight parametric switches. To select a suitable ice-wave parameterization, we validated the simulations from the WW3 model in March, May, September, and December 2017 against the measurements from the Jason-2 altimeter at latitudes of up to 60?N. Generally, all parameterizations ex-hibited slight differences, i.e., about 0.6 m root mean square error (RMSE) of significant wave height (SWH) in May and September and about 0.9 m RMSE for the freezing months of March and December. The comparison of the results with the SWH from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts for December 2017 indicated that switch IC4_M1 performed most effec-tively (0.68 m RMSE) at high latitudes (60?– 80?N). Given this finding, we analyzed the long-term wave distributions in 1999 – 2018 on the basis of switch IC4_M1. Although the seasonal variability of the simulated SWH was of two types, i.e., 'U' and 'sin' modes, our results proved that fetch expansion prompted the wave growth. Moreover, the interannual variability of the specific regions in the 'U' mode was found to be correlated with the decade variability of wind in the Arctic Ocean.

SHAO Weizeng;YU Wupeng;JIANG Xingwei;SHI Jian;WEI Yongliang;JI Qiyan

Marine Science and Technology College,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316000,China;National Satellite Ocean Application Service,Beijing 100081,China;Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory,Guangzhou 511458,China;College of Meteorology and Oceanography,National University of Defense Technology,Nanjing 211101,China;College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China

中国海洋大学学报（自然科学英文版）

[1]SHAO Weizeng;YU Wupeng;JIANG Xingwei;SHI Jian;WEI Yongliang;JI Qiyan-.Analysis of Wave Distributions Using the WAVEWATCH-Ⅲ Model in the Arctic Ocean)[J].中国海洋大学学报（自然科学英文版）,2022(01):15-27

WATCH,WW3,IC4

Analysis,Wave,Distributions,Using,WAVEWATCH,Model,Arctic,Ocean,In,this,work,we,examined,long,term,wave,distributions,using,third,generation,numerical,model,called,version,also,evaluated,influence,ice,by,parametric,switches,To,select,suitable,validated,simulations,from,March,May,September,December,against,measurements,Jason,altimeter,latitudes,up,Generally,parameterizations,hibited,slight,differences,about,root,mean,square,error,RMSE,significant,height,SWH,freezing,months,comparison,results,European,Centre,Medium,Range,Weather,Forecasts,indicated,that,M1,performed,most,effec,tively,high,Given,finding,analyzed,basis,Although,seasonal,variability,simulated,was,two,types,modes,our,proved,fetch,expansion,prompted,growth,Moreover,interannual,specific,regions,found,correlated,decade,wind

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