Ecological risk assessment(ERA)is an indispensable method for systematic monitoring of World Heritage Sites(WHSs)ex-posed to various anthropogenic factors and natural disasters.Remote sensing(RS)and geographical information systems(GIS)can eliminate many limitations in traditional ERA methods.In this study,changes in ecological risk at Huangshan Mountain,the first mixed WHS in China,over the period of 1984-2019 were explored using remote sensing images and products by considering both natural dis-asters and human disturbance.Results show that of the four land cover types in Huangshan Mountain,namely water,forest,building and farmland,the main land cover type is forest.During the 35 yr,lands categorised at low or relatively low ecological risk levels are dom-inant in Huangshan Mountain,with the lowest and highest ERIs(ecological risk index)in 1990 and 2010,respectively.The areas at the five ecological risk levels have declined as follows:relatively low＞low＞medium＞relatively high＞high.Changes in ecological risks are closely related to changes in land cover and natural disasters.Even though major natural disasters may affect the ecological risk level in the whole region,changes in land cover caused by human activities will shift the ecological risk level in some areas.Our attempts can be modified and applied to other sites,and offer policy implications for protection and preservation of WHSs.

HUANG Shiman;HU Qingwu;WANG Shaohua;LI Haidong

School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering,Wuhan University,Wuhan 430079,China;Nanjing Institute of Environ-mental Sciences,Ministry of Ecology and Environment,Nanjing 210042,China

中国地理科学（英文版）

[1]HUANG Shiman;HU Qingwu;WANG Shaohua;LI Haidong-.Ecological Risk Assessment of World Heritage Sites Using RS and GIS:A Case Study of Huangshan Mountain,China)[J].中国地理科学（英文版）,2022(05):808-823

Huangshan,WHSs,ERIs

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