The non-hydrostatic global variable resolution model (MPAS-atmosphere) is used to conduct the simulations for the South Asian Summer monsoon season (June, July, and August) in 2015 with a refinement over the Tibetan Plateau (TP) at the convection-permitting scale (4 km). Two experiments with different topographical datasets, complex (4-km) and smooth (60-km) topography, are designed to investigate the impacts of topographical complexity on moisture transport and precipitation. Compared with the observations and reanalysis data, the simulation can successfully capture the general features of key meteorological fields over the TP despite slightly underestimating the inflow through the southern TP. The results indicate that the complex topography can decrease the inward and outward moisture transport, ultimately increasing the total net moisture transport into the TP by ～11％. The impacts of complex topography on precipitation are negligible over the TP, but the spatial distributions of precipitation over the Himalayas are significantly modulated. With the inclusion of complex topography, the sharper southern slopes of the Himalayas shift the lifted airflow and hence precipitation northward compared to the smooth topography. In addition, more small-scale valleys are resolved by the inclusion of complex topography, which serve as channels for moisture transport across the Himalayas, further favoring a northward shift of precipitation. Overall, the difference between the two experiments with different topography datasets is mainly attributed to their differing representation of the degree of the southern slopes of the Himalayas and the extent to which the valleys are resolved.

Gudongze LI;Haoming CHEN;Mingyue XU;Chun ZHAO;Lei ZHONG;Rui LI;Yunfei FU;Yanhong GAO

School of Earth and Space Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;CAS Center for Excellence in Comparative Planetology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Frontiers Science Center for Planetary Exploration and Emerging Technologies,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences&Institute of Atmospheric Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China

大气科学进展（英文版）

[1]Gudongze LI;Haoming CHEN;Mingyue XU;Chun ZHAO;Lei ZHONG;Rui LI;Yunfei FU;Yanhong GAO-.Impacts of Topographic Complexity on Modeling Moisture Transport and Precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau in Summer※)[J].大气科学进展（英文版）,2022(07):1151-1166,1-2

MPAS,underestimating

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