Antibody-mediated rejection (AMR) is one of the major causes of graft loss after transplantation. Recently, the regulation of B cell differentiation and the prevention of donor-specific antibody (DSA) production have gained increased attention in transplant research. Herein, we established a secondary allogeneic in vivo skin transplant model to study the effects of romidepsin (FK228) on DSA. The survival of grafted skins was monitored daily. The serum levels of DSA and the number of relevant immunocytes in the recipient spleens were evaluated by flow cytometry. Then, we isolated and purified B cells from B6 mouse spleens in vitro by magnetic bead sorting. The B cells were cultured with interleukin-4 (IL-4) and anti-clusters of differentiation 40 (CD40) antibody with or without FK228 treatment. The immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgM levels in the supernatant were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and western blotting were conducted to determine the corresponding levels of messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression in cultured cells and the recipient spleens. The results showed that FK228 significantly improved the survival of allogeneic skin grafts. Moreover, FK228 inhibited DSA production in the serum along with the suppression of histone deacetylase 1 (HADC1) and HDAC2 and the upregulation of the acetylation of histones H2A and H3. It also inhibited the differentiation of B cells to plasma cells, decreased the transcription of positive regulatory domain-containing 1 (Prdm1) and X-box-binding protein 1 (Xbp1), and decreased the expression of phosphorylated inositol-requiring enzyme 1α(p-IRE1α), XBP1, and B lymphocyte-induced maturation protein-1 (Blimp-1). In conclusion, FK228 could decrease the production of antibodies by B cells via inhibition of the IRE1α-XBP1 signaling pathway. Thus, FK228 is considered as a promising therapeutic agent for the clinical treatment of AMR.

Yuliang GUO;Siyu SONG;Xiaoxiao DU;Li TIAN;Man ZHANG;Hongmin ZHOU;Zhonghua Klaus CHEN;Sheng CHANG

Institute of Organ Transplantation,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China;Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation,Ministry of Education,NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation,Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences,Wuhan 430030,China;Henan Key Laboratory of Digestive Organ Transplantation,Open and Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Surgery and Digestive Organ Transplantation at Henan Universities,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Hepatobiliary&Pancreatic Diseases and Organ Transplantation,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery,the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450052,China;Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery,Tongji Hospital,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430030,China

浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）

[1]Yuliang GUO;Siyu SONG;Xiaoxiao DU;Li TIAN;Man ZHANG;Hongmin ZHOU;Zhonghua Klaus CHEN;Sheng CHANG-.Romidepsin (FK228) improves the survival of allogeneic skin grafts through downregulating the production of donor-specific antibody via suppressing the IRE1 α-XBP1 pathway)[J].浙江大学学报（英文版）（B辑：生物医学和生物技术）,2022(05):392-406

FK228,romidepsin,immunocytes,HADC1,Prdm1,Xbp1

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